add321.com extra news

国外物理主流界仍然保持对相对论的质疑（进展）
其实，对相对论的质疑甚至反对应该是个正常的方面，不容许质疑甚至反对的言行
反而应该是不正常的方面了。
国外物理主流界仍然保持这种基本认知：一个科学的理论是不可证明的，一个科学
的理论是可以被证伪的。这也导致国外新闻界并不把对相对论的质疑，甚至反对的
讨论当作大逆不道。
相反，国内的一些物理主流界人士和新闻界人士因为科学素质不够，导致他们种种
丑陋的一面不断曝光。

下面看看国外物理主流界仍然保持对相对论的质疑（进展）的一篇文章。

IN BRIEF
1. Echoes detected during a black hole merger that confirmed part of Einstein's
theory of relativity could mean there is something at an event horizon,
contradicting the same theory.
2. If confirmed, the information would challenge our current assumptions about
physics and how black holes are structured, leading to a better understanding
of our physical world.

ECHOES FROM A BLACK HOLE
Earlier this year, physicists celebrated the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-
Wave Observatoryós (LIGO) discovery of gravitational waves -- ripples in
spacetime curvature -- at the site of a black hole merger as it confirmed
part of Albert Einsteinós theory of general relativity. However, that discovery
might now be hinting that the very same theory breaks down at the edge of
black holes.
Physicists studying LIGOós data on the black hole merger claim it reveals
"echoes" of gravitational waves that contradict predictions made by Einsteinós
general theory, which has been proven by LIGO on more than one occasion
now. Previously, physicists believed that Einsteinós theory broke down in
extreme conditions, such as those found at a black holeós core. However,
these recently discovered echoes seem to indicate that relativity fails
around a black holeós edges, far from its center.

As part of the standard model based on Einstein's theory, nothing should
be found at the edge of a black hole (its event horizon). This contradicts
other theories such as the one that corresponds to quantum physics, which
suggests that an event horizon should have a firewall, a ring of high-energy
particles, around it.
Cosmologist Niayesh Afshordi at the University of Waterloo in Canada created
models of these black hole mergers that assumed they did have something
at their event horizons. The timing of the echoes following the release
of gravitational waves in the mergers recorded by LIGO matched up perfectly
with those expected by Afshordiós models. This supports the idea that the
edges of black holes do have some structure and not a whole lot of nothingness
as suggested by Einsteinós theory.

THE PUZZLE THAT IS THE UNIVERSE
"The LIGO detections, and the prospect of many more, offer an exciting opportunity
to investigate a new physical regime," said black-hole researcher Steve
Giddings from the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB).
For now, more research is needed to see if these echoes were a fluke or
something that will completely reshape our understanding of a black holeós
event horizon. If proven to be permanent fixtures of a merger, we would
need a new theory to explain this and similar phenomenon ù at least until
the elusive theory of everything comes along.
In any case, observation of future black hole mergers can confirm whether
these echoes were just flukes or random noise. "The good thing is that new
LIGO data with improved sensitivity will be coming in, so we should be able
to confirm this or rule it out within the next two years," said Ashfordi.

It is no surprise that the universe continues to confirm theories of physics
one minute and break them the next. So much of the universe is still a big
unknown as far as we're concerned. Theories come and go, and although Einsteinós
has been relatively successful, the emergency of new technologies will continue
to allow us to challenge earlier assumptions.

主要意思就是“引力波”被探测到的事件表明与现有的“黑洞”理论有矛盾。
“黑洞”理论表明“视界事件”是不可被探测到的，而“引力波”被探测到的事件
可能就是一种“视界事件”。
因此，如果“引力波”被探测到的事件被确认，那么，就要导致“黑洞”理论的修
改。

物理学上继续检验一种理论而随之否定这种理论并非什么值得惊讶的，宇宙中未知
的还很多。尽管相对论一直以来是成功的，但随着技术的更新，将容许我们挑战以
前的假设，理论的产生和消失也就如此了。

介绍几位获诺贝尔奖的反相对论者